The Importance of a Liver Function Test in Detecting Liver Disease.

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Liver function test

Liver function test also known as liver panel or liver enzymes test, are blood tests that help evaluate the liver's health and function. The liver is a vital organ that plays an important role in many bodily functions, including digestion, metabolism, and detoxification. When the liver is damaged or not functioning properly, it can cause a range of health problems.






There are several different liver function tests that can be used to assess the liver's health. Some common tests include:

  • Alanine transaminase (ALT): This enzyme is found mainly in the liver and is released into the bloodstream when the liver is damaged. High levels of ALT in the blood can indicate liver damage or disease.
  • Aspartate transaminase (AST): Like ALT, AST is an enzyme found in the liver and released into the bloodstream when the liver is damaged. High levels of AST in the blood can indicate liver damage or disease.
  • Alkaline phosphatase (ALP): This enzyme is produced by the liver and other tissues in the body. High levels of ALP in the blood can indicate liver damage or disease, as well as other conditions such as bone disorders.
  • Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT): This enzyme is produced by the liver and is released into the bloodstream when the liver is damaged. High levels of GGT in the blood can indicate liver damage or disease, as well as other conditions such as bile duct problems.
  • Bilirubin: This is a yellowish substance produced by the liver and found in bile, which helps digest fats. High levels of bilirubin in the blood can indicate liver damage or disease, as well as other conditions such as anemia.



HEPATITIS

Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver that can be caused by a variety of viruses or other factors, including alcohol use. LFTs may show elevated levels of enzymes such as alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) in individuals with hepatitis.

CIRRHOSIS

Cirrhosis is a chronic disease characterized by the replacement of normal liver tissue with scar tissue, leading to poor liver function. LFTs may show elevated levels of bilirubin, a substance that gives urine and feces their characteristic color, and decreased levels of albumin, a protein that helps maintain proper fluid balance in the body.

HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA

HCC is a type of liver cancer that typically develops in people with cirrhosis or other liver diseases. LFTs may show elevated levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), a protein that is typically elevated in individuals with HCC.

End-stage liver disease (ESLD) is the final stage of liver disease and occurs when the liver can no longer function properly. LFTs may show extremely elevated levels of bilirubin, decreased levels of albumin, and elevated levels of other proteins such as prothrombin time (PT), indicating that the liver is no longer able to produce these proteins and clotting factors.

Liver function tests are typically ordered by a healthcare provider if they suspect that a person may have a liver problem. These tests may also be ordered as part of a routine health checkup to monitor liver function in people who have a known liver condition or are taking medications that may affect the liver.

It's important to note that liver function tests are only one part of the evaluation process for liver health. Other tests, such as imaging tests and liver biopsy, may also be necessary to diagnose liver problems. If liver function tests indicate that there may be a problem with the liver, it's important to follow up with a healthcare provider to determine the cause and appropriate treatment.


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